Topic > Social Groups within Societies - 1270

From pre-industrial societies such as food gathering, horticulture, herding and agriculture to industrialist/computer societies, groups have formed, disbanded , expanded and modified as a result of the development of these societies. The more individuals there are in a given place, the more the need for structure arises, thus creating social groups, with the subsequent addition of social institutions to create a social structure like the one we see today. The most important group that humans have brought together is called the primary social group, because it is the most intimate and powerfully influences the individual's identity. The groups are quite small with face-to-face relationships, which last over time. Families, nuclear families, and extended families, for example, are primary groups because of the intimacy and informality of their relationships. This is how members' behaviors and beliefs are shaped. More than 10,000 years ago and still today, hunter-gatherer societies struggle for survival. Like hunters and gatherers, they roam the landscape for food and rely on each other for different tasks. They move in small groups, follow certain rules and share their knowledge. Women band together and men hunt, which gives each gender a useful occupation. These informal social indicators constitute the “boundaries” of the group. Children are also assigned tasks and are equally important for the functioning of the group. As families grow, intermarriage occurs between different gangs. For convenience they move around and "live in a small personal world defined by the band, which is rarely made up of more than 250 people" (Hunting and Gathering). They also merge informally between members of the same blood or not. The sense of kinship here is broad and… middle of paper… changes even more as social construction is influenced by technology and instant face-to-face relationships across the globe. The entire Facebook community or other similar social networks are defined as a secondary social group within which infinite primary groups are formed with the help of software such as Skype. These infinite networks have become quite representative of the rapidly evolving technological and global world we live in today. Works Cited Andersen, M.L., Howard T.F. Sociology 101: Pima Community College. Mason: Cengage Learning, 2011. Print.Diamond, Jared M. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fate of Human Societies. New York, W. W. Norton: 1999. Print. “Hunting and gathering”. Agricultural revolution. Washington State University (WSU), n.d. Web. April 5, 2011.Miller, Barbara. Cultural anthropology. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2011. Print.