This essay is about the novel Hard Times written by Charles Dickens and industrialization during that time. My aim in this essay is to analyze living conditions in English industrial cities by examining the novel. The author focuses on the deforming and inhuman aspect of this new process. It is known that during the nineteenth century, with the Victorian age, there was an excessive adoption of industrialization in England. This causes a change in the lives of human beings, as they risk turning into machines and this means that they can no longer develop emotions and imagination. The text offers an account of the most important conflict of that society, between capitalists and workers. There is a new class structure based on industry and commerce, with an entirely urban society. When we use a Marxist approach to analyze this work we must know that the bourgeoisie is the upper or ruling class of a society. They have the power to govern and control the "base", which is why they impose their ideology on the proletariat, or working class. The bourgeoisie owns factories and operates in business to make a profit, but to earn for that profit they use the cheap labor of the proletariat. All people in the Victorian age are stuck in this life and lead a monotonous, uniform existence, where pleasure and fun are not contemplated, with the result that their fantasies and feelings are dull and dulled. they too end up having mechanical behavior. People are replaced by machines, now machines have the main role in society “For early Victorian thinkers, steam engines and living bodies followed similar principles, now machines appeared as living bodies, exhibiting a form. ... in the center of the paper ... rnaces below” (Dickens, 54). In one scene Louisa is described looking at the Coketown factories as her father offers her marriage to Mr Bounderby and she responds. “You see nothing but languid, monotonous smoke. Yet when the night comes. Fire breaks out, father! "(). According to the article "Melancholy Mad Elephants: Affect and the Animal Machine in Hard Times", some critics see the machine's hidden, crackling fire as an allusion to Louisa's neglected passion. Works Cited Dickens, Charles. Times hard. Epub book.Fielding, KJ & Smith, Anne. Hard Times and the Factory Controversy: Dickens vs. Harriet Martineau. California: University Press, 2011. Siroone, Tamara. “Mad and Melancholy Elephants”: Affection and the Animal Machine in troubled times. Indiana: University Press. Jackson, Leonard, 1994.