Polar molecules have a weak charge, partially negative and partially positive. For example, in water the negative charge is the oxygen atom and the positive charge is the hydrogen atoms in the water. When water molecules are close to each other, the positively and negatively charged regions are attracted to the oppositely charged regions or neighboring molecules. The dotted lines shown in the image are called hydrogen bonds. Each water molecule is bonded to four other molecules. The hydrogen bonds that are created between water molecules are some of the essential and unique properties of water. The attraction that occurs between hydrogen bonds keeps water in a liquid state over a wider temperature range than any other molecule. Furthermore, a large amount of energy is required to turn liquid water into water vapor. When water is liquid the molecules are attracted through their hydrogen bonds, while in water vapor this does not happen. The results of these “essential elements” are; when mammals cool themselves through the evaporation of sweat, they do so thanks to the large amount of heat used to breathe...