Conservation of Water Quality: India is rich in diverse geological formations, from the earliest Achaean to recent floods, and is characterized by variable climatic conditions in different parts of the country. Naturally the quality of groundwater is influenced by the depth of the soils and the underground geological formations through which the groundwater remains in contact. In general, much of the country's groundwater quality is drinkable and suitable for other purposes as well. Generally, groundwater in shallow aquifers is suitable for different purposes and contains calcium bicarbonate, sodium chloride and mixed types. The quality of deep aquifers varies from place to place and is suitable for common uses. There is a salinity problem in coastal areas and a high incidence of fluorine, arsenic, iron and heavy metals, etc. has been reported. (17)The major groundwater quality problems in India are as follows:1. Salinity: Salinity in groundwater can be classified into two types: inland salinity and coastal salinity.a. Internal Salinity: In groundwater, internal salinity is dispersed mainly in arid and semi-arid areas of Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab and Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. There are many places in Rajasthan and southern Haryana where the electrical conductivity values of groundwater are quite high, rendering the water unused for drinking purposes. In some areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat, the salinity of groundwater is so high that the water is used directly for salt production. Another reason that determines internal salinity is the practice of irrigating surface water without considering the state of groundwater. The gradual increase in groundwater levels over time results in... middle of paper... marks the beginning of a strategy that no longer considers drinking water a free good, the provision of which should be the responsibility of the government . In principle, the SRP aims to improve the sustainability of water supply systems and sources, as well as ensure the effective implementation of programs. (12) The SRP was introduced with the aim of institutionalizing (a) community participation and (b) a demand-driven strategy. The key principles of implementation were awareness creation, popular participation, functional transparency and stakeholder accountability. The reform process has been implemented through the SRP on a pilot basis in 63 districts of India. In Gujarat, the selected pilot districts are Mehsana, Surat and Rajkot. Aside from the delay, some of the key aspects of this program have not fared well in the United States. (12)
tags