MULTI-STRATEGIC AND MULTI-FACED CONCEPT OF R2P According to the outcome document of the 2005 World Summit, R2P is based on three pillars, so there is no single simple definition that can be applied to the Syrian crisis. As Cronogue (2012) states, R2P implies rights and duties. Furthermore, as Welsh (2013) explains, R2P involves different actions and elements. Pillar I is based on the R2P of states and their citizens (World Summit Outcome, 2005). In this case, Assad's government does not protect its populations from war crimes and the use of chemical weapons adds an even more negative value to this duty of protection (United Nations, 2014). Furthermore, Resolution 2139 (United Nations, 2014) requires that Syria's responsibility to protect its citizens is its primary duty. Pillar II states that (Result of the World Summit, 2005): “the international community should (…) encourage and assist States”. This could demonstrate that the R2P concept adds more duties to the international community in order to prevent or protect such crimes from the population. In the Syrian case, the international community has stated that the Assad government must protect its citizens and stop these war crimes if not only the citizens but also the urbanization itself have been suffered, to the point that Homs, for example, has become a city ​​declared a world heritage site and is now completely destroyed (Espinosa, 2014), as happened in Aleppo (HRW, 2014), the target of civil conflict. Furthermore, it is argued that the Syrian government did not try to protect them due to its battle against rebels and insurgents. Furthermore, the international community could not encourage and assist because some of the powerful countries that have... paper......, Lebanon, Jordan… (United Nations, 2014). Bin Talal and Schwarz (2013) state that Arab countries are concerned about their responsibility to protect the Syrian population due to the Al-Assad government's reluctance to alleviate war crimes. To summarize, it is clear that R2P involves numerous duties and obligations, both of the international community and of each State. Therefore, it seems that those who are critical of R2P should take into account the importance of its multiple points and duties and the multifaceted Syrian conflict, where there is a lack of protection of civilians despite the international community trying to realize them. in the context of the Syrian conflict. Therefore, it may seem that R2P is not dead, despite the fact that the concept itself is not fulfilling all its tasks in this conflict..