Topic > Sociological Theory Essay - 1332

It is a theme of sociology to discover where and why there are social inequalities, whether as a result of class stratification, gender, race, and/or a combination of these factors. The theorist cannot explore, or even attempt to discuss, all issues, so he develops explanations that, at times, coincide with each other. In addressing the relationship between two conceptualized ideas, oppression/inequality and individualist/liberal ideology, theorists appear to focus on the cause and effect association that structures these ideas. By focusing on four theorists and their ideas for producing these reports, we will discover how they intertwine and build on each person's understanding of a topic, and show how it can branch out to cover others, or expose shortcomings and provide a new perception of the social structure. After the examinations and suggestions provided on how to make the communities in which we live more inclusive towards those who feel, and in fact are, oppressed, there are no remedies that can cure the plague of inequalities/oppressions in society, and if they are evidence of individualism/liberal ideology does not matter. In “Citizenship and Social Class” by T. H. Marshall evaluates the reasons for social inequality by examining the structure and definition of citizenship. He defends his thesis by investigating the origins of citizenship in English history. At the beginning of his theory Marshall defines the individual elements that produce citizenship; civil rights, political rights and social rights. Civil rights are “the rights necessary for the individual freedom of the person; freedom of speech, thought and belief” (Marshall 1995 [1965] p.94); political rights give permission to be a member of politics......journal focus......hley W. Doane and Eduardo Bonilla-Silva (eds.), “'New Racism,' Color -Blind Racism and the future of whiteness in America. In White Out: The Continuing Meaning of Racism (New York: Routledge), pp. 271-312. Fraser, Nancy and Lynda Gordon. 1995. “Contract Versus Charity: Why There Is No Social Citizenship in the United States.” In Gershon Shafir (ed.), The Citizenship Debates (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press), pp. [XX].Marshall, T.H. 1995 [1965]. “Citizenship and social class”. In Gershon Shafir (ed.), The Citizenship Debates (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press), pp. [XX].Young, Iris Marion. 1996. “Gender as Seriality: Thinking Theoretically About Women as a Social Collective.” In Barbara Laslett and Ruth Ellen Boetcher (eds.), The Second Signs Reader: Feminist Scholarship, 1983-1996 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press), pp.. 713-738.