Administered a 50-item questionnaire to 130 first-year music students in sacred music, performance and music education programs at six Norwegian institutions of higher music education. Of the participants interviewed, 55% (n = 71) were women and 45% (n = 59) were men. The questionnaire included measures of self-regulation and self-efficacy. Self-efficacy beliefs were rated on a 7-point scale (1 = not at all true of me; 7 = very true of me). Using an ANOVA analysis, she reported that male students rated themselves as more effective than female students in terms of instrument practice. It also reported that male students in performance and sacred music programs were more likely to have higher self-efficacy beliefs than females in the same programs, but that female students were more likely to have higher self-efficacy beliefs in music education programs compared to men.