IndexAbstractIntroductionLiterature reviewHistorical vision of psychotherapy and languagesThe choice of language in psychotherapyParalinguistic communication (characteristics) in psychotherapyThe mother tongue in psychotherapyCase 1Case n.2DiscussionSummaryThe purpose of this article is to clarify the role of the mother language in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy is a kind of treatment that is used in some mental disorders. It is a treatment more than a medicine. In psychotherapy, the therapist establishes an interpersonal relationship with his client and uses language to research the mental disorder his client is facing. language, the medium of conversation between client and therapist, is used as a tool to convince the client to overcome his problems. The use of appropriate language can influence the treatment process and can produce desirable results. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original Essay Introduction Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, is a way to help people with a wide variety of mental illnesses and emotional difficulties. (American Psychotherapy Association). It is a kind of mental disorder treatment rather than medical. Psychotherapy is used to treat mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety, loss, death of a loved one, coping with daily life. impact of trauma and some medical illnesses. The therapist looks for the problems the client is facing and tries to treat him/her by conversing with him/her. Language is the tool used by the therapist to influence the process and practice of his treatment method. The therapist uses the client's native language so that he can speak with him frankly. But the native language is more effective in psychotherapy because the client understands it easily and feels free while talking to his therapist. Psychotherapy can be conducted in an individual, family, couple or group context. Therapy sessions are mostly conducted once a week for about 30-50 (American Psychotherapy Association). There is an interpersonal relationship between the client and the therapist during the therapy session. Both must be actively involved for the treatment to be effective. Therapy can be short-term, a few weeks, to address immediate problems, or long-term to address complex, long-standing issues. Literature Review This literature review brings together important work on the role of native speaker psychotherapy and discusses its impact on clients. There is a brief history of psychotherapy and the concept of language in treating the patient through language. The literature review also explores the importance of language choice in psychotherapy. The choice of language plays a very important role in the treatment of mental disorder rather than medical (psychotherapy). The article also describes the reaction of the native language and the second language in the treatment. This article also briefly describes the importance of the paralinguistic feature for examining the effect of language used as a medium in psychotherapy. Two cases are described which are treated by a therapist using both the language in one case and the native language only in the second case. The article also describes the therapist's conclusion that the mother tongue is more effective in psychotherapy than the second language. Because the patient was treated in his native language, he improved more rapidly than the patient whose treatment was in both languages ​​(mother tongue and second language). Historical vision of psychotherapy and languages. A review of the latest literature30 years reveals a significantly reduced number of relationships. on the effects of the choice of language of bilingual patients in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy was first developed in the Middle East in the 9th century by the Persian physician and psychological thinker Rhaze (History of Psychotherapy). In the West, moral treatment approaches came into being in the 18th century. In the 19th century, Sigmund Freud first developed his verbal cure in Vienna. According to Freud, “words are the essence of mental treatment” Physical (or mental) treatment (1905) Breuer's treatment of Anna. The first documented psychoanalysis reveals the use of different languages. The choice of language in psychotherapy In therapy sessions, language is the primary means of transmitting information. It is a tool used in the treatment of psychotic disorder in psychotherapy. Many authors (Buxbaum,E.the role of the second language in the formation of the ego and superego,Psychona,1958,Greenson,A (The mother tongue and the mother, Int.J.Psychonal,Krapf.E) the choice of language in polyglot psychoanalysis, Psychoanal 1955) have described the effect of the choice of language in psychotherapy. Language is the important tool that influences therapy sessions. The choice of appropriate and effective language enhances the effect of the treatment and leads to the desired result. Your choice of language can tell you a lot about your customer's sense of identity. The therapist wears his heart as he enters the therapy sessions. The language of the heart is the words and actual langue that the therapist uses to explore the most intimate part of his client to find solutions to his mental distress. Some linguists have proposed that cognitive behavior is influenced by the semantic characteristics of language. An acquired language can be used in psychotherapy as a defense, a means of avoiding anxiety. Language has a powerful influence on technique and effectiveness in psychotherapy. Paralinguistic communication (characteristics) in psychotherapy Paralinguistic communication includes the aspect of spoken communication that does not involve words. Body language, gestures, facial expressions, tone and tone of voice are an example of paralinguistic features. (www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/paralinguistics). Paralinguistic features provide additional information about the message you are conveying to your customer. It also provides feedback from your talk therapy. When the client with spoken words emphasizes the issues that are important to him, shows the tone of voice, speed and clarity of speech, it is assumed that the information spoken by him is quite reliable. When verbal expression is dominated by nonverbal content, such as moans, sighs, crunches, and grunts, it reflects the client's emotional feelings. The therapist who shows empathy with his client uses paralinguistic features, facial expression and eye content to explore more information about his client. Patients suffering from depression and schizophrenia show a lack of ability to express emotions with tone of voice. This demonstrates that the acoustic characteristics of the voice can be a source of unobtrusive patient monitoring. The mother tongue in psychotherapy The mother tongue plays a fundamental role in the development of personal, social and cultural identity. Cognitive and intellectual development is comparatively faster than that of the second language. Native language helps people stay in touch with their culture, which is very important for a client's identity to help the therapist understand his or her basic characteristics. Kolers (bilingualism and information processing. Sci am, 1968) suggested that theBilingual people have duplicate reserves of meaning such that some information is readily available and expressed only in the language in which it was acquired. The client may express highly emotional material in a second language, but without the affection the therapist expects. In psychotherapy in the native language, he feels at home and expresses his emotions frankly. He, involuntarily, can express those aspects of his life that are useful for the therapist to understand the mental state of the patient, in which he is careful to express himself in the second language. Ervin (Language and TAT.content in bilinguals.1964) implies that role perception, memory and projection of past experiences are three important aspects of the influence of the psychotherapeutic process by the language used. Marcos et al. (The Language Barrier in Assessment Spanish-American Patients, Arch Gen Psychiatry, 1973) in studies of Hispanic-American schizophrenic patients, found that they showed significantly greater psychopathology when interviewed in English. Regression in language behaviors occurred in the acute phase of the episode of psychotherapy, as if the client were unable to make the necessary efforts to communicate in the second language, which is not automatic in its conscious presentation. Foner et al (A socio-psychiatric tool for assessing adaptation of immigrants 1970) pointed out that learning the new language showed one of the best correlations with adaptation. However, many individuals can learn a new language well but adapt poorly, especially if they have neurotic problems. Mother tongue psychotherapy is very helpful for these individuals. Lukianowciz (Auditory hallucination in polygot topics, Psychiatria et Neurologia, 1962) concludes that bilingual patients express more threatening voices in their second language, as if this were, perhaps, a sort of defense against the anxiety aroused. from such suggestiveness. The following two patients were treated by the therapist and observed by the writer to research the effect of the mother tongue in psychotherapy. Sessions lasted 40 minutes once per week and lasted between 6 and 9 months. The author's linguistic background was different from one and similar from the other. The first was in the Sindhi language and the second was in the Punjabi language. Sindhi and Punjabi were their first language respectively while Urdu was the second language for them. Case 1 The patient, a 30-year-old lady, belongs to a rural area of ​​the province of Sindh. He can speak Sindhi frequently but cannot speak Urdu as compared to Sindhi. He attended secondary school. She gained admission to intermediate school but was unable to continue her studies due to cultural problems where girls are often not allowed to go to other cities to study. She married in her teens and became the mother of 4 children. Her husband did not take care of not only her but also the children. Her mother-in-law also seemed dissatisfied with her due to her poor background. Due to multiple problems at home, he developed symptoms of anxiety and severe depression. In the hospital he was discovered with some mental disorders that lead to greater complexity. The psychotherapist starts his psychotherapy in Urdu language. In her initial episode of therapy, the author observed that her response to the therapist was not up to expectations. After a few sessions the therapist began to use both languages ​​in conversation with the patient. While converting to her native language (Sindhi), the patient spoke frankly and frequently about her past and the problems she faced. The therapist continued the therapy sessions primarily in Urdu, but often code-switched to Sindhi when talking about areas of.