Topic > Overview of Literature in a Globalized Context

I would like to start by explaining the term globalization with the help of definitions as follows: Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Globalization refers to all those processes through which the people of the world are incorporated into a single world society, the global society (p.9). - Albrow 1990Globalism is supplanting modernity (p. 4) What is happening is a process of cultural mixing or hybridization between places and identities. - Appadurai 1996The process of globalization highlights two images simultaneously. The first image suggests the external extension of a particular culture to its limits, that is, to the globe. Heterogeneous cultures combine and unite into a dominant culture that eventually covers the entire world. The second indicates the reduction of cultures. Things that were previously kept separate are now brought into contact and contrast. - Featherstone 1995 Globalization is not a word or a term but an open question. There has been an increase in the use of the term Globalization since the mid-1980s. Some scholars place the beginning of globalization in modern times, while others locate its emergence and background before the European era of discovery and New World travel. The term Globalization experienced a rise in the mid-1980s and the momentum became more evident in the mid-1990s. The term has also gained popularity in literature, especially when texts have been written about globalization and responses to it. On the other hand, literature and literary studies have evolved into a platform to reinforce, convene and explain divergent social, political, literary and cultural ideas under globalization. Different researchers analyze literary works so that they can discover demonstrations of different themes of globalization in the texts and surrounding environment and substantiate the facts of globalization with the help of literary types. The recognition of the dominant globalization in Western Europe and North America is the reality of great openings for economic evolution throughout the world and has also made a notable contribution to the improvement of people's existing conditions. Third World recognition of globalization indicates that it is a harmful process that maximizes inequality within and around states. It can be said that globalization, the combination and breakdown of the nation, regularity and localization, the expansion of material wealth and growing misery, fusion and domination are a complicated procedure and a case of antimony and dialects. Main topics How is culture linked to the globalization of markets and economies? Or how do money market trends influence literature and language? These difficulties have gained significance in current social, economic and political contexts and must certainly be recognized. Literature has been interpreted into English from around the world, diaspora literature, as a type of literature understandable throughout the world, related cultural studies; all these classifications are connected in a globalized environment. It is also believed that the literature is translated into different languages ​​and distributed to people outside the country of origin. Knowledge is shared across languages ​​and cultures when literature is shared in a global context. What makes “Bengali Tuz” more globalized is the fact that the content includes the concept in a global context and is written by a foreign author about India. The lungs of language are used by cultures for breathing; at theLikewise, the modalities of divergent languages ​​are used by literature as a tool for a global platform. The Bible being translated into different languages ​​in the ancient era made it more accessible to most of the world. So, it can be said that literature in the globalized context is in contact with people all over the world with the help of translation modes or diaspora literary form. When it comes to Bengali Tuz, it is translated into English and Hindi languages ​​and the contents present in the text make it a truly globalized piece of literature. The author's interaction with divergent nationalities, their language and culture make it a true piece of literature in a global context. Interculturality is also an essential aspect of our globalized nation. Literature has given our society scales on the same level as science and technology. A piece of literature can easily gain recognition in a globalized context when people from across the nation can relate to it and form a connection. A notable example is 'Bengali Tuz', a famous Hungarian newspaper from the early 20th century. The newspaper is not only well known among Hungarians, but has also accumulated popularity in India and Bangladesh (before its separation from India). India has always been an exotic and unknown destination for the Western world. Bengali Tuz is one of the famous Hungarian diaries written in the early 20th century and was first published in 1944. G. Hajnoczy Rosza's name is not mentioned in the New Hungarian Biographical Lexicon or the New Hungarian Literary Lexicon of Contemporary Hungarian Writers around 1945-1977, even though 'Bengali Tuz' was one of the most popular books among Hungarian female readers. Rosza Hajnoczy, the author of Bengali Tuz, spent three adventurous years with her husband in India, residing in Rabindranath Tagore's Shanti Niketan Ashram. Her husband was a renowned orientalist and was known as the oriental explorer "Gyula Germanus". He was a prominent Hungarian scholar of Islam and was invited by Rabindranath Tagore to tutor in Visva - Bharati. He recorded three years of experiences in a diary. It is a travel novel or travelogue based on real first-hand experiences from the tropical land of India. The diary was written in the interwar period 1928-1931; and the author also shared her experiences with the newspaper 'Szepesi'. A new perspective of India was brought out from a European and not a British point of view. The author, circumstances and time have made it an international literary product and the concept of this newspaper which shows a foreign writer recording India and the different nationalities presenting it; the involvement of all other nationalities makes it more globalized. Hajnoczy Rosza's journey began with a culture shock that ended up making her a well-informed person of the new culture. During his trip to India by ship from Italy, he met an Irish lady married to an Indian, a Russian couple, an Iranian couple and also some English people. At the beginning of his journey he got to know and meet different nationalities and began to approach the international world. The story of these three years is told through a series of diary entries written by the story's main protagonist. It is written in an epistolary style. The epistolary form can be used to bring realism to a story because it imitates real-life functions. Therefore, it is able to show different opinions without the possibility of the device of an omniscient commentator. The diary is a chronicle of noteworthy encounters. Not only are their encounters written down, but their feelings, ideas and opinions are also noted. It is a series of significant experienceswhich also tell us about the author's change of perspective with respect to life in general. It also shows us the different colors of a foreigner's life in a foreign country through terms such as racial discrimination, culture shock, language barrier, etc. The author's behavior was ultimately found to be empathetic towards India. He gained more tolerance in life in general and never hid his disappointments. We would like to find out the Hungarian author's point of view on divergent multidisciplinary aspects such as social, cultural aesthetics (change in food, climate and clothing), political, religious and spiritual aspects of India of that particular period. There were cases that were found to be "magical" from the author's foreign perspective in the journal but were completely "normal" from the native perspective. Some of the erroneous myths of India included calling every white person as "Angrej" which meant "English" with respect to the color of their skin. The empathetic behavior of the Hungarians towards India was discovered as the Indians fought for independence from Britain and also faced the difficult struggle for independence of their own country during the First World War. Hence, these cross-cultural exchanges were deemed beneficial to both countries and the betterment of humanity was used in a global context. The image of India can be seen from the perspective of a Hungarian author and people will be able to know the hidden and pristine aspects of India from this translation. New facts will be discovered which will be beneficial for Hungarians as they will have a clearer picture of India so they can expand their knowledge about India and become familiar with the author's provocative "ideology" about India. Overall, it has tried to explore new dimensions for the betterment of humanity and both nations, which makes it a true literature in a globalized context. People also gain some knowledge of not only India but facts about World War I and the entire world. political settings are mentioned in it. It also shows the different colors of my main topic: the image of India in early 20th century Hungarian writing. For example, 'A Passage to India' by EM Foster can be considered a piece of literature in a globalized context for international readers. But the "Bengal Tuz" became especially useful for international readers as a foreign writer wrote about distant lands and the presence of divergent nationalities, interculturalism, a look at different cultures makes it more globalized. So, this newspaper is an example of a truly international and intercultural form of literature because it is a Hungarian lady writing about India while living in Shanti Niketan and Shanti Niketan is itself a small global village because people from all over the world are gathering there. for study purposes. He compared the culture, food, clothing, climate and language of the Eastern and Western world in a very natural way. For example, when German Gertrud talked about the press or the media and also mentioned the case of her country, she said: "Yes, there should be some control over the press. At home it's the same. The press is the biggest nuisance of all" ", Page-320. Sometimes, when Gyula compares a tribal people from the north-east with the Germans, sometimes, the author compares cities, for example on page -337, "Hyderabad is a large city the size of Italy. It is an interesting piece of text for Hungarian and Indian readers, but the fact that it is more elaborate has made it an interesting piece of text for greatpart of the world, including the East Asian world and the Western European world. It might be a miracle for foreigners who see the diversity of India but being Indian, it is the most natural thing in the world to live in a country full of diversity like India. It is sometimes called the "Land of Miracles", but for the Indians; there is nothing miraculous about this. This journal was written in Shanti Niketan, the first center of comparative literature in India where different nationalities gathered and taught while doing innovative research for the betterment of humanity. This fact and the setting also make it a noteworthy form of literature in the globalized context. Nobel Prize winner Rabindranath Tagore is himself a famous poet and people from all over the world wish to receive his teachings and learn more about his ashram with the help of the Hungarian author. It also gives us a critical insight into the social rituals of contemporary society and gives us a glimpse into the spirituality and peace of India in the ashram, telling readers new things and facts about India. The author had to face a drastic change in climate while she came here to Calcutta in mid-April. The beginning of the summer season is not a pleasant time for anyone, be it native or foreigner. The Indians' clothing made her feel different. He saw a woman in Sarees instead of skirts and men wearing dhoti – kurta instead of trousers and shirts. Food also turned out to be a big, huge problem for her as she is not a fan of spicy food but eventually adapts to the environment. And since he is unable to understand any of the languages ​​spoken here, be it Bengali or Hindi. India was in the phase of freedom struggle as it remains as it witnessed the struggle period of Indian freedom fighters. She felt empathetic towards the struggle of the Indian freedom fighters and linked their plight of Hungary to Germany and other invading countries. He witnessed the racial behavior of the English towards Indians and mentioned it with the example of the "railway accident" where a British misbehaves with an Indian even after the Indian had a ticket for the train. It reminds me of the brutal accident that happened to Mahatma Gandhi in South Africa while he was traveling there by train. Hence, the struggle of other third world nationalities can be seen in a similar way by placing Africa in the place of India. What does the global factor of this literature demonstrate once again? India also suffered from many social demerits in that period, especially in Bengal, where there were difficulties like early marriage, widow marriage; Caste discrimination occurred at the caste level and several social activists like Vivekananda protested against it. While Rosza met several people from Russia, Italy, Japan, Afghanistan, Germany and Great Britain, Americans and was also influenced by several languages. That's why it comes into contact with Hindi, Bengali, English, Arabic, German, Russian languages. For example, Pg. 390 states, “Everyone wanted to speak in their respective mother tongue including Hindi, Gujarati, Urdu, Oriya, Telegu, Kannada, etc. during the meeting, but ultimately everyone decided to communicate through English,” which showed the diversity of all languages ​​in the Newspaper. International readers are attracted to the magazine due to the use of words from different languages ​​which also makes it more globalized. For example, on page - 313 Rosza says that Gerund whispers to her in German sometimes in the heat of the moment. On page 573, also states that Persian is the cultural language of the Muslims of North India, just as German is for her. Being a very sensitive woman, she had an acute.